3/20/2009 11:17:00 AM BDA SUN
Anger over taxes 'puts BDA at risk'
Job cuts overseas put pressure on politicians to act against offshore centres, says U.K. finance expert
Public and political anger towards offshore centres like Bermuda is reaching fever pitch in Britain and the U.S.
That is the opinion of Michael Foot, a British banking expert who arrived on the island yesterday to carry out a high-level financial review. Mr. Foot - who is conducting the first such inspection of Britain's overseas territories in a decade - said the U.K. particularly could pose a major threat to the way Bermuda does business. Mounting job losses in Britain, combined with a general election 15 months away, could add up to a perfect storm that causes politicians to try to close down Bermuda's tax advantages.
In recent months leaders in Europe have joined President Obama in promising to shut down so-called tax havens. Most experts here have tended to agree that Bermuda is relatively safe because it has a reputation as being transparent and cooperative.
However, Mr. Foot said: "You probably don't get the sense of it here in Bermuda, but the political atmosphere is very, very sore in these bigger countries... I have no doubt the people in the street are very, very angry. You can understand why they are angry. For every 500,000 jobs that go in America - and I think 130,000 went in Britain this month - that atmosphere gets more febrile. And that increases the pressure on politicians. And politicians may be pressed to make decisions that on broader reflection turn out to be horribly wrong."
He continued: "At least in the U.S. there is a brand new government, which is likely to have a whole set of different priorities. But in the U.K. we are 15 months or so away from an election, which the opinion polls suggest is going to be pretty close, so politicians are under pressure to act." He said some decisions made in the pressured environment of the Great Depression were catastrophic for the world economy and took decades to reverse.
Now Chairman of the U.K. office of Promontory Financial Group, Mr. Foot held several top posts during a 29-year career with the Bank of England. He also worked for several years in the Bahamas. He said: "I have a lot of sympathy with smaller jurisdictions. Their arguments are often not well heard. It can be frustrating."
He said offshore centres like Bermuda offer huge benefits to bigger countries and to individuals in those countries. Bermuda's success rests more on the talented experts who live here than on tax advantages, he said. While there is a legitimate need to target tax abuse in countries like Switzerland, the danger for Bermuda is that it will get "put in the same box" despite having its house in order.
U.K. Chancellor Alaistair Darling announced the financial review of nine of its overseas territories that have "significant financial centres." Mr. Foot is being asked to look at a wide range of issues, including international transparency and the ability of jurisdictions to manage financial crises. He will be meeting with Minister of Finance Paula Cox, heads of banks and insurance companies and officials from the Bermuda Monetary Association.
Who would be liable for losses?
Mr. Darling ordered the review following the financial crisis that hit Iceland banks - the fallout from which cost British investors millions of dollars in Guernsey and the Isle of Man. The U.K. may be liable to repay such losses in its overseas territories. One of Mr. Foot's main objectives is to establish who would be liable if Bermuda savings were to suffer a major crash. "What would that mean for U.K. Inc.?" he said. "Who would pay? It is 10 years since a review like this was carried out. That's a heck of a long time. Sometimes it's helpful to have someone independent coming in and looking with fresh eyes." Mr. Foot's remit does not include any question of Bermuda's autonomy of Government, nor with Bermuda's tax treaties.
Friday, 20 March 2009
Thursday, 22 January 2009
President Obama's Inauguaral Address
'My fellow citizens: I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors...'
Wednesday, 21 January 2009
Independent.co.uk Web
I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and co-operation he has shown throughout this transition. Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on, not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because we the people have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebears, and true to our founding documents.
So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.
That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nationis at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.
These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land – a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable,and that the next generation must lower its sights.
Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. Theyare serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America – they will be met.
On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.
On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.
We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.
In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted – for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things – some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labour, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.
For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and travelled across oceans in search of a new life.
For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and ploughed the hard earth.
For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.
Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.
This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished. But our time of standing pat,of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions – that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.
For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act – not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise healthcare's quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.
Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions – who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.
What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them – that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works – whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programmes will end. And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account – to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day – because only then can we restore the vital trust between a peopleand their government.
Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control – and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favours only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart – not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.
As for our common defence, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.
Recall that earlier generations faced down Fascism and Communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.
We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort – even greater co-operation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the spectre of a warming planet. We will not apologise for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defence, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.
For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus – and non-believers. We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.
To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West – know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willingto unclench your fist.
To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.
As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honour them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment – a moment that will define a generation – it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.
For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job, which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.
Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends – hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism – these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility – a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.
This is the price and the promise of citizenship.
This is the source of our confidence – the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.
This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed – why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.
So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have travelled. In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment whenthe outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words beread to the people:
"Let it be told to the future world... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive,... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]."
America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.
Thank you. God bless you. And God bless the United States of America.
The buzzwords
12 Nation
11 New
10 America
7 World
5 Spirit
3 Hope
3 Force
1 Responsibility
1 Change
Wednesday, 21 January 2009
Independent.co.uk Web
I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and co-operation he has shown throughout this transition. Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on, not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because we the people have remained faithful to the ideals of our forebears, and true to our founding documents.
So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.
That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nationis at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.
These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land – a nagging fear that America's decline is inevitable,and that the next generation must lower its sights.
Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. Theyare serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America – they will be met.
On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.
On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.
We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.
In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of shortcuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted – for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things – some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labour, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.
For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and travelled across oceans in search of a new life.
For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and ploughed the hard earth.
For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.
Time and again, these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.
This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished. But our time of standing pat,of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions – that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.
For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act – not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology's wonders to raise healthcare's quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.
Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions – who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.
What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them – that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works – whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programmes will end. And those of us who manage the public's dollars will be held to account – to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day – because only then can we restore the vital trust between a peopleand their government.
Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control – and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favours only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our gross domestic product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart – not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.
As for our common defence, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.
Recall that earlier generations faced down Fascism and Communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.
We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort – even greater co-operation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the spectre of a warming planet. We will not apologise for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defence, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.
For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus – and non-believers. We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.
To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West – know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willingto unclench your fist.
To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.
As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honour them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment – a moment that will define a generation – it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.
For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job, which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter's courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.
Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends – hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism – these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility – a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.
This is the price and the promise of citizenship.
This is the source of our confidence – the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.
This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed – why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than 60 years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.
So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have travelled. In the year of America's birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment whenthe outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words beread to the people:
"Let it be told to the future world... that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive,... that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]."
America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children's children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.
Thank you. God bless you. And God bless the United States of America.
The buzzwords
12 Nation
11 New
10 America
7 World
5 Spirit
3 Hope
3 Force
1 Responsibility
1 Change
Inaugural Festivities Draw Near-Record Numbers
By SAM SCHECHNER and T.W. FARNAM
Associated Press
Aloysia Rochon of Oakland, Pa., on the National Mall after the ceremony.
President Barack Obama's inauguration approached records for attendance and TV viewership, according to preliminary figures released Wednesday.
A crowd estimated at between 800,000 and 1.8 million people assembled in Washington, D.C., to watch Mr. Obama's swearing-in Tuesday, possibly outpacing the estimated 1.2 million people who gathered for Lyndon Johnson's 1965 inauguration. Smaller crowds congregated in other cities as well, including in Times Square in New York and Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta.
Landov
David Bobo was one of the workers cleaning up at the National Mall Wednesday.
Meanwhile, 37.8 million people watched the daytime festivities on 18 broadcast and cable networks, more than the tally for any swearing-in since Ronald Reagan's in 1981 that attracted 41.8 million viewers, according to Nielsen Co.
Mr. Obama also topped Jimmy Carter's and Richard Nixon's first inaugurals, although they garnered a larger percentage of TV households because the number of households was smaller at the time. By comparison, election night, during prime time, attracted more than 71 million viewers.
News, photos and background on key players and issues in the Obama administration's first 100 days from the WSJ and across the Web.
The Inauguration
The Economy
Advisers
Foreign Affairs
Personal Life
Obama Photos Inauguration Photos
Nielsen's TV estimates don't include out-of-home or Internet viewing.
But several news and Internet outlets reported that they had served record numbers of live-video streams via the Web, potentially adding millions to the total. Akamai Technologies Inc., which helps Web sites deliver high-bandwidth content more efficiently, said that at about 12:15 p.m. EST Tuesday it delivered a peak of 6.2 million concurrent live video or audio streams, most of which were of the inauguration.
Around the time of Mr. Obama's swearing-in and speech, Time Warner Inc.'s CNN reported a peak of 1.3 million concurrent video streams, General Electric Co.'s MSNBC reported a peak of more than 1.02 million concurrent streams and News Corp.'s Fox News said it had a peak of 365,000 concurrent streams. Web outlets ustream.tv and Joost.com reported about 400,000 and close to 100,000 concurrent streams, respectively. Hulu.com, a joint venture of G.E.'s NBC Universal and News Corp., was among outlets that streamed the event live but declined to share figures.
Millions also tuned in to evening TV coverage of the inaugural galas. Walt Disney Co.'s ABC coverage of "The Neighborhood Ball," at which Mr. Obama and his wife, Michelle, danced to Beyonce Knowles's rendition of "At Last," attracted 12.6 million viewers, according to early Nielsen figures provided by the network.
Some coverage isn't included in Nielsen's tallies, including Liberty Media Corp. 's QVC shopping network, which offered live updates from the Creative Coalition ball during the 9 p.m. hour, while hosts sold commemorative coins, an Obama-emblazoned cotton blanket and a bow-topped handbag designed specifically for the occasion.
"Let's be honest, for us, as girls, beside all the history we've made today, it's all about the bag -- and the shoes," the bag's designer told viewers during a live update from the ball.
Estimates of the crowd in Washington varied.
The National Parks Service issued a statement Wednesday saying it "will use the figure of 1.8 million attendees when we refer to the inaugural in the future," in which it cited printed accounts.
British publishing company IHS Jane's estimated 1.3 million to 1.6 million people were present based on an analysis of crowd densities, which it said ranged from 0.1 to 5 people per square meter.
Associated Press
Aloysia Rochon of Oakland, Pa., on the National Mall after the ceremony.
President Barack Obama's inauguration approached records for attendance and TV viewership, according to preliminary figures released Wednesday.
A crowd estimated at between 800,000 and 1.8 million people assembled in Washington, D.C., to watch Mr. Obama's swearing-in Tuesday, possibly outpacing the estimated 1.2 million people who gathered for Lyndon Johnson's 1965 inauguration. Smaller crowds congregated in other cities as well, including in Times Square in New York and Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta.
Landov
David Bobo was one of the workers cleaning up at the National Mall Wednesday.
Meanwhile, 37.8 million people watched the daytime festivities on 18 broadcast and cable networks, more than the tally for any swearing-in since Ronald Reagan's in 1981 that attracted 41.8 million viewers, according to Nielsen Co.
Mr. Obama also topped Jimmy Carter's and Richard Nixon's first inaugurals, although they garnered a larger percentage of TV households because the number of households was smaller at the time. By comparison, election night, during prime time, attracted more than 71 million viewers.
News, photos and background on key players and issues in the Obama administration's first 100 days from the WSJ and across the Web.
The Inauguration
The Economy
Advisers
Foreign Affairs
Personal Life
Obama Photos Inauguration Photos
Nielsen's TV estimates don't include out-of-home or Internet viewing.
But several news and Internet outlets reported that they had served record numbers of live-video streams via the Web, potentially adding millions to the total. Akamai Technologies Inc., which helps Web sites deliver high-bandwidth content more efficiently, said that at about 12:15 p.m. EST Tuesday it delivered a peak of 6.2 million concurrent live video or audio streams, most of which were of the inauguration.
Around the time of Mr. Obama's swearing-in and speech, Time Warner Inc.'s CNN reported a peak of 1.3 million concurrent video streams, General Electric Co.'s MSNBC reported a peak of more than 1.02 million concurrent streams and News Corp.'s Fox News said it had a peak of 365,000 concurrent streams. Web outlets ustream.tv and Joost.com reported about 400,000 and close to 100,000 concurrent streams, respectively. Hulu.com, a joint venture of G.E.'s NBC Universal and News Corp., was among outlets that streamed the event live but declined to share figures.
Millions also tuned in to evening TV coverage of the inaugural galas. Walt Disney Co.'s ABC coverage of "The Neighborhood Ball," at which Mr. Obama and his wife, Michelle, danced to Beyonce Knowles's rendition of "At Last," attracted 12.6 million viewers, according to early Nielsen figures provided by the network.
Some coverage isn't included in Nielsen's tallies, including Liberty Media Corp. 's QVC shopping network, which offered live updates from the Creative Coalition ball during the 9 p.m. hour, while hosts sold commemorative coins, an Obama-emblazoned cotton blanket and a bow-topped handbag designed specifically for the occasion.
"Let's be honest, for us, as girls, beside all the history we've made today, it's all about the bag -- and the shoes," the bag's designer told viewers during a live update from the ball.
Estimates of the crowd in Washington varied.
The National Parks Service issued a statement Wednesday saying it "will use the figure of 1.8 million attendees when we refer to the inaugural in the future," in which it cited printed accounts.
British publishing company IHS Jane's estimated 1.3 million to 1.6 million people were present based on an analysis of crowd densities, which it said ranged from 0.1 to 5 people per square meter.
Saturday, 17 January 2009
Miracle Fruit
Scientific names: Synsepalum dulcificum, Synsepalum subcordatumFamily: SapotaceaeCommon name: Miracle FruitOrigin: Ghana (Tropical West Africa)
...It is one of the strangest tropical fruits. The most unusual thing about it is the effect it has on one's taste after this miraculous berry has been consumed. The “miracle” is that if lemon or other sour food is eaten after the miracle fruit, the sour tastes sweet, as if sugar has been added. That kind of magical experience is unforgettable! The interest in this plant is so high that anyone who has a plant always finds eager volunteers to test its sweetening properties. A natural chemical in the fruit masks the tongue’s sour taste buds so that lemons taste like lemonade or lemon pie, or lemon candy. What causes the miracle? The fruit has a unique taste changing glycoprotein that inhibits tastebuds' perception of sour taste. The sweet sensation lasts for half an hour to a few hours...
A BIT OF HISTORY
The plant was discovered in West Africa, where the native diet revolved around a few basic foods, mostly of sour taste. Just imagine the delight of the people when someone ate a few red berries and later ate a meal of sour foods, to find everything suddenly sweet! The West African natives use the fruit to sweeten sour palm wine (beer) - Pito, and fermented maize bread - Kenkey.
This West African wonder was not botanically identified and named until the middle of the 19th century as Synsepalum dulcificum, a member of the Sapotaceae family, relative of the sapodilla (Manilkara zapota).
Bill Whitman was the first to grow the plant successfully in the US. He had a seedling all of 7" tall and a cutting of 4" bearing fruit upon the young twigs.
THE PLANT
This small, evergreen shrub grows very slowly to a height of 4-6 ft in container, and 10-15 ft in natural habitat. Eventual size depends on where the plant is grown; a 10 years old plant might be easily only 4-5 feet tall. It forms an oval to pyramidal shaped bush or small tree.
Inconspicuous brown-and-white 1/2 inch flowers are followed by bright scarlet, 1 inch footbal-shaped fruit, sweet and pleasant tasting. Most of the fruit is taken up by a single large seed, but the pulp around it can be nibbled off and then for the next hour or so, anything one eats that is sour has a sweet flavor. The plant starts fruiting when only 1 ft tall. It produces fruit practically year around. In native habitat, two large crops are available yearly, each after a rainy season. The mature bushes usually have a few fruits hanging around all year. Seed to fruit in 2 to 3 years. Flower to fruit in 30 to 45 days.
One of the many virtues of miracle fruit is its ease of cultivation, although, like with any plant, it would be nice if you learn its likes and dislikes before inviting it into your home or garden.
If planted in alkaline limestone based soils, the plant may die. These plants seem to live for acid, thriving in it, and then converting it! They must have rich, well-drained soils that are acid in pH, with lots of peat moss, and require constant supply of micronutrients. On alkaline soils they often are grown in large containers with generous amounts of peat moss for sustained success in fruiting. It makes an excellent container tree, which gives it the added benefit of mobility. Since it is so easily containerized, almost anyone can grow this plant whether they have an outside planting area or not. Miracle fruit can be a rewarding indoor plant. It is not a fast growing plant, which is another benefit for those who would like to grow it in their house or greenhouse. It thrives under warm temperatures, and high humidity. A 10 inch plant is happy in a one gallon pot. One that size will flower and fruit at least twice a year, probably more frequently.
Miracle Fruit thrives best in partial shade. When plants are small they are subject to frost damage, so they should be container-grown and kept indoors or moved to protected locations when frost or freeze threatens. Older plants may sustain some leaf and minor twig damage, but may sustain cooler temperatures without being killed. Although not thought to be frost tolerant, the synsepalum plants have been observed growing in Florida in protected from wind locations as far north as Tampa.
When propagating miracle fruit, sow the seeds in a rich, well-drained medium, just barely covered, and water lightly every other day. Seeds generally come up in about eight to ten weeks, but grow slowly the first year, often being only two to three inches tall at the end of almost one year of growth. It really takes three to four years before the plants reach a height of more than fifteen to twenty inches, and then they start to grow more rapidly. However, when growing this plant from seed, be prepared to wait for a few years until you can enjoy the first fruit. If possible, it is always recommended to get a mature full specimen, at least 1 ft tall, that is ready to bloom.
There are 2 known species of synsepalum that carry miracle fruits. Synsepalum dulcificum is a smaller-leaf version (leaves are narrow), and is somewhat slower growing plant. Synsepalum subcordatum (Giant Miracle Fruit) is a larger leaf variety, and grows into a small tree. The fruit are slightly bigger than those of s. dulcificum, and are produced more profusely, especially in first years. With age, the fruit crop amounts of these two species become about the same.
THE FUN, THE TRICKS AND RECEPIES
Many people are still unaware of this rare fruit and the effect it could have on enhancing the quality of their lifestyle.
Invite your guest to taste the small Miracle Fruit berry, which is usually liked for its own sweet taste. Then offer them to taste a sour fruit from your garden collection: lemon, calamondin, key lime, eugenia, amla or any other sour fruit. They will be amazed at the "new variety’s" taste and will be begging you for a cutting!
Offer the fruit and then a beer. It could kill beer appetite for more than an hour and makes beer taste like a lemonade. Heavy beer drinkers can take a brake!
Try to enhance the quality of other fruit. Enjoy the delights of a bowl of tart strawberries! Lemons taste like lemon sherbet.
Miracle Fruit enhances flavor of grapefruit. A havenly breakfast will be provided by a single Miracle Fruit berry before your morning grapefruit!
Organic acids - especially citric acid - are the substances that are modified to the greatest degree. Battery acid will NOT become a tasty drink.
Miracle Fruit is a great sweet enhancer for dieters.
The unique properties of miracle fruit have been used for an appetite stimulation of persons taking chemotherapy medicines to help them to remove the metallic taste and return the desire for food.
There are no artificial sweeteners proven absolutely safe. Sugar and other "natural" sweeteners are hardly to be considered as food with no ill effects. Miracle fruit is a natural, healthy and harmless sweetener! Due to its safety, it may have a great potential and practical use in everyday life and become a gift to humanity, a way to improve our diets and our health.
It is unfortunate that heat destroys the active principle, so that canning, jams, preserves, baking, drying, etc. are impossible. The fruits can be held for a short period of time by refrigeration or freezing.
The fruits themselves are of interest as a commercial source of artificial sweetener; however, large quantities of berries are needed to collect a substantial amount of the sweetener. The problem is how to increase the shelf life of the product. The berries are perishable, and once picked, last only a few days. Methods of shipment are not conducive to marketing the fruits and commercial cultivation of the plants was unsuccessful so far.
http://uk.images.search.yahoo.com/images/view?back=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.images.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fei%3DUTF-8%26p%3Dsynsepalum%2520dulcificum%26fr2%3Dtab-web%26fr%3Dslv8-bt&w=200&h=241&imgurl=toptropicals.com%2Fpics%2Fgarden%2F07%2Folymp2%2FP1232083s.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptropicals.com%2Fhtml%2Ftoptropicals%2Fplant_wk%2Fsynsepalum.htm&size=10.3kB&name=P1232083s.jpg&p=synsepalum+dulcificum&type=JPG&oid=c97c84ea11e4fd6c&no=19&tt=142&sigr=1215gnk3l&sigi=11kh06aiq&sigb=139cd57i0
...It is one of the strangest tropical fruits. The most unusual thing about it is the effect it has on one's taste after this miraculous berry has been consumed. The “miracle” is that if lemon or other sour food is eaten after the miracle fruit, the sour tastes sweet, as if sugar has been added. That kind of magical experience is unforgettable! The interest in this plant is so high that anyone who has a plant always finds eager volunteers to test its sweetening properties. A natural chemical in the fruit masks the tongue’s sour taste buds so that lemons taste like lemonade or lemon pie, or lemon candy. What causes the miracle? The fruit has a unique taste changing glycoprotein that inhibits tastebuds' perception of sour taste. The sweet sensation lasts for half an hour to a few hours...
A BIT OF HISTORY
The plant was discovered in West Africa, where the native diet revolved around a few basic foods, mostly of sour taste. Just imagine the delight of the people when someone ate a few red berries and later ate a meal of sour foods, to find everything suddenly sweet! The West African natives use the fruit to sweeten sour palm wine (beer) - Pito, and fermented maize bread - Kenkey.
This West African wonder was not botanically identified and named until the middle of the 19th century as Synsepalum dulcificum, a member of the Sapotaceae family, relative of the sapodilla (Manilkara zapota).
Bill Whitman was the first to grow the plant successfully in the US. He had a seedling all of 7" tall and a cutting of 4" bearing fruit upon the young twigs.
THE PLANT
This small, evergreen shrub grows very slowly to a height of 4-6 ft in container, and 10-15 ft in natural habitat. Eventual size depends on where the plant is grown; a 10 years old plant might be easily only 4-5 feet tall. It forms an oval to pyramidal shaped bush or small tree.
Inconspicuous brown-and-white 1/2 inch flowers are followed by bright scarlet, 1 inch footbal-shaped fruit, sweet and pleasant tasting. Most of the fruit is taken up by a single large seed, but the pulp around it can be nibbled off and then for the next hour or so, anything one eats that is sour has a sweet flavor. The plant starts fruiting when only 1 ft tall. It produces fruit practically year around. In native habitat, two large crops are available yearly, each after a rainy season. The mature bushes usually have a few fruits hanging around all year. Seed to fruit in 2 to 3 years. Flower to fruit in 30 to 45 days.
One of the many virtues of miracle fruit is its ease of cultivation, although, like with any plant, it would be nice if you learn its likes and dislikes before inviting it into your home or garden.
If planted in alkaline limestone based soils, the plant may die. These plants seem to live for acid, thriving in it, and then converting it! They must have rich, well-drained soils that are acid in pH, with lots of peat moss, and require constant supply of micronutrients. On alkaline soils they often are grown in large containers with generous amounts of peat moss for sustained success in fruiting. It makes an excellent container tree, which gives it the added benefit of mobility. Since it is so easily containerized, almost anyone can grow this plant whether they have an outside planting area or not. Miracle fruit can be a rewarding indoor plant. It is not a fast growing plant, which is another benefit for those who would like to grow it in their house or greenhouse. It thrives under warm temperatures, and high humidity. A 10 inch plant is happy in a one gallon pot. One that size will flower and fruit at least twice a year, probably more frequently.
Miracle Fruit thrives best in partial shade. When plants are small they are subject to frost damage, so they should be container-grown and kept indoors or moved to protected locations when frost or freeze threatens. Older plants may sustain some leaf and minor twig damage, but may sustain cooler temperatures without being killed. Although not thought to be frost tolerant, the synsepalum plants have been observed growing in Florida in protected from wind locations as far north as Tampa.
When propagating miracle fruit, sow the seeds in a rich, well-drained medium, just barely covered, and water lightly every other day. Seeds generally come up in about eight to ten weeks, but grow slowly the first year, often being only two to three inches tall at the end of almost one year of growth. It really takes three to four years before the plants reach a height of more than fifteen to twenty inches, and then they start to grow more rapidly. However, when growing this plant from seed, be prepared to wait for a few years until you can enjoy the first fruit. If possible, it is always recommended to get a mature full specimen, at least 1 ft tall, that is ready to bloom.
There are 2 known species of synsepalum that carry miracle fruits. Synsepalum dulcificum is a smaller-leaf version (leaves are narrow), and is somewhat slower growing plant. Synsepalum subcordatum (Giant Miracle Fruit) is a larger leaf variety, and grows into a small tree. The fruit are slightly bigger than those of s. dulcificum, and are produced more profusely, especially in first years. With age, the fruit crop amounts of these two species become about the same.
THE FUN, THE TRICKS AND RECEPIES
Many people are still unaware of this rare fruit and the effect it could have on enhancing the quality of their lifestyle.
Invite your guest to taste the small Miracle Fruit berry, which is usually liked for its own sweet taste. Then offer them to taste a sour fruit from your garden collection: lemon, calamondin, key lime, eugenia, amla or any other sour fruit. They will be amazed at the "new variety’s" taste and will be begging you for a cutting!
Offer the fruit and then a beer. It could kill beer appetite for more than an hour and makes beer taste like a lemonade. Heavy beer drinkers can take a brake!
Try to enhance the quality of other fruit. Enjoy the delights of a bowl of tart strawberries! Lemons taste like lemon sherbet.
Miracle Fruit enhances flavor of grapefruit. A havenly breakfast will be provided by a single Miracle Fruit berry before your morning grapefruit!
Organic acids - especially citric acid - are the substances that are modified to the greatest degree. Battery acid will NOT become a tasty drink.
Miracle Fruit is a great sweet enhancer for dieters.
The unique properties of miracle fruit have been used for an appetite stimulation of persons taking chemotherapy medicines to help them to remove the metallic taste and return the desire for food.
There are no artificial sweeteners proven absolutely safe. Sugar and other "natural" sweeteners are hardly to be considered as food with no ill effects. Miracle fruit is a natural, healthy and harmless sweetener! Due to its safety, it may have a great potential and practical use in everyday life and become a gift to humanity, a way to improve our diets and our health.
It is unfortunate that heat destroys the active principle, so that canning, jams, preserves, baking, drying, etc. are impossible. The fruits can be held for a short period of time by refrigeration or freezing.
The fruits themselves are of interest as a commercial source of artificial sweetener; however, large quantities of berries are needed to collect a substantial amount of the sweetener. The problem is how to increase the shelf life of the product. The berries are perishable, and once picked, last only a few days. Methods of shipment are not conducive to marketing the fruits and commercial cultivation of the plants was unsuccessful so far.
http://uk.images.search.yahoo.com/images/view?back=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.images.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fei%3DUTF-8%26p%3Dsynsepalum%2520dulcificum%26fr2%3Dtab-web%26fr%3Dslv8-bt&w=200&h=241&imgurl=toptropicals.com%2Fpics%2Fgarden%2F07%2Folymp2%2FP1232083s.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Ftoptropicals.com%2Fhtml%2Ftoptropicals%2Fplant_wk%2Fsynsepalum.htm&size=10.3kB&name=P1232083s.jpg&p=synsepalum+dulcificum&type=JPG&oid=c97c84ea11e4fd6c&no=19&tt=142&sigr=1215gnk3l&sigi=11kh06aiq&sigb=139cd57i0
The Miraculous Fruit That Turns Sour Food Sweet In Your Mouth
By Jerome TaylorTuesday, 3 June 2008
At first glance, it looks and tastes much like an ordinary red berry.
Native to West Africa the synsepalum dulcificum is not much bigger than a grape and, other than an attractive red skin, is rather unassuming. But now the "miracle fruit", as it is being called, has become the toast of the culinary elite for its miraculous ability to change the way your mouth works – making sour things taste magically sweet.
The berry contains a glycoprotein that temporarily masks your mouth's ability to taste sour and bitter notes. Once the pulp is swilled around the mouth and the large stone spat out, lemons suddenly taste like sugary lemonade, vinegar takes on a peculiar treacly tang and Irish stout tastes frighteningly similar to chocolate milkshake.
In New York and San Francisco, the latest fashionable night out is to attend an evening "fruit dropping". Partygoers chew berries or pop (perfectly legal) pills of dried pulp before wolfing down enormous quantities of seemingly metamorphosed foodstuffs.
In Britain, meanwhile, demand for the fruit has grown to the extent that the country's two main suppliers have warned customers they may have to wait weeks before getting any.
Chas Barr, a former IT specialist from south London, began selling berries through his website miraclefruit.co.uk after reading about them eight months ago on a botanical blog. He says demand has soared. "If I was lucky, I might have made, say, £5 a day," he said. "But in the past couple of weeks it has gone nuts. I'm selling thousands of pounds worth in a week, literally kilos every day."
Jonathan Hobbs, who ships freeze-dried berries using the site http://www.miracleuk.info/, says "fruit dropping" is becoming popular. "An amazing thing about miracle fruit is the range of people who want to try it," he says. "It does seem to be a bit of an internet phenomenon."
Although the effect has yet to be backed up by scientific evidence, fruit growers say miracle berries are popular with chemotherapy patients because they help diminish the unpleasant metallic aftertaste that comes with treatment. Others say the fruit could one day produce a natural alternative to sugar that would be suitable for diabetics.
The taste test
*Buying the fruit:
Just getting hold of some miracle fruit is half the fun. Very few people sell it and most of those that do are struggling to cope with demand. In Britain miraclefruit.co.uk and miracleuk.info sell berries and powder.
*Lemons:
Citric fruits are a fruit droppers' favourite tipple because the effect is so dramatic. For me, the effect was quite simply astounding. I was able to munch my way through an entire lemon without a squint. The sour tang had been completely replaced by a smooth sugary taste, a little like a sherbert lemon or homemade lemonade.
*Vinegar:
Vinegar tasted nothing like it did before when I had nearly vomited trying to swallow a gulp down. Although it still tasted like vinegar, the acidic tones had completely disappeared and had taken on an almost treacle taste.
*Pineapple:
The pineapple chunks I tried were almost unbearably sweet, a sickly version of pineapple cube sweets.
At first glance, it looks and tastes much like an ordinary red berry.
Native to West Africa the synsepalum dulcificum is not much bigger than a grape and, other than an attractive red skin, is rather unassuming. But now the "miracle fruit", as it is being called, has become the toast of the culinary elite for its miraculous ability to change the way your mouth works – making sour things taste magically sweet.
The berry contains a glycoprotein that temporarily masks your mouth's ability to taste sour and bitter notes. Once the pulp is swilled around the mouth and the large stone spat out, lemons suddenly taste like sugary lemonade, vinegar takes on a peculiar treacly tang and Irish stout tastes frighteningly similar to chocolate milkshake.
In New York and San Francisco, the latest fashionable night out is to attend an evening "fruit dropping". Partygoers chew berries or pop (perfectly legal) pills of dried pulp before wolfing down enormous quantities of seemingly metamorphosed foodstuffs.
In Britain, meanwhile, demand for the fruit has grown to the extent that the country's two main suppliers have warned customers they may have to wait weeks before getting any.
Chas Barr, a former IT specialist from south London, began selling berries through his website miraclefruit.co.uk after reading about them eight months ago on a botanical blog. He says demand has soared. "If I was lucky, I might have made, say, £5 a day," he said. "But in the past couple of weeks it has gone nuts. I'm selling thousands of pounds worth in a week, literally kilos every day."
Jonathan Hobbs, who ships freeze-dried berries using the site http://www.miracleuk.info/, says "fruit dropping" is becoming popular. "An amazing thing about miracle fruit is the range of people who want to try it," he says. "It does seem to be a bit of an internet phenomenon."
Although the effect has yet to be backed up by scientific evidence, fruit growers say miracle berries are popular with chemotherapy patients because they help diminish the unpleasant metallic aftertaste that comes with treatment. Others say the fruit could one day produce a natural alternative to sugar that would be suitable for diabetics.
The taste test
*Buying the fruit:
Just getting hold of some miracle fruit is half the fun. Very few people sell it and most of those that do are struggling to cope with demand. In Britain miraclefruit.co.uk and miracleuk.info sell berries and powder.
*Lemons:
Citric fruits are a fruit droppers' favourite tipple because the effect is so dramatic. For me, the effect was quite simply astounding. I was able to munch my way through an entire lemon without a squint. The sour tang had been completely replaced by a smooth sugary taste, a little like a sherbert lemon or homemade lemonade.
*Vinegar:
Vinegar tasted nothing like it did before when I had nearly vomited trying to swallow a gulp down. Although it still tasted like vinegar, the acidic tones had completely disappeared and had taken on an almost treacle taste.
*Pineapple:
The pineapple chunks I tried were almost unbearably sweet, a sickly version of pineapple cube sweets.
Monday, 15 December 2008
Understanding White and Black Experiences
There's another must read piece from Lynne Winfield in today's Bermuda Sun. In order to understand the social makeup of Bermuda today, we have to understand our history.
Lynne Winfield outlines two hypothetical experiences that reflect the stories of many white and black Bermudians. While everyone's stories are certainly unique, stories like these are all too common across our island. The White Experience:
You are a first generation Bermudian male, your father/mother having arrived in the late 1960s or 1970s as part of a large influx of whites from the U.K. responding to increasing opportunities in international business and the ongoing general Government policy of encouraging whites to settle in Bermuda. Your parents were working/middle class and they arrived with barely a penny in their pockets and a high school education. Unknowingly your parents jump to the top of the hiring pool, not understanding that at the time of their arrival segregation had only just ceased to exist, and that negative white attitudes/perceptions towards black Bermudians were still firmly entrenched.
Within seven years your parents achieve Bermudian status which opened doors and provided more advantages. They moved up in their organizations, perhaps achieving positions of power and influence. They worked hard, bought a home and sacrificed and saved to send you to private school and then you were the first one in your family to go to university. This was possible because your parents were able to get a loan against the equity in their house. With solid pensions built up over the years and their home fully paid for your parents are now retired. Their major medical is still covered due to an arrangement with their ex-employers to continue to keep them on the company's medical plan at the lower rate.
At 21 you have graduated and are now living in an apartment under your parent's house paying a low rent, while you save towards the down payment on your first house and the knowledge that your parents will more than likely help you secure your first mortgage in a couple of years. You have a terrific job in the international business sector. The sky's the limit.
This is a story of opportunity, and, that opportunity was created by a combination of individual initiative and historical and social circumstance. Now, let's examine a very different story - The Black Experience:
Compare this to the black Bermudian experience in the 1960s and 1970s with a similar high school education. By and large jobs in the service industry were open to them with the concomitant low pay. Due to continued racist attitudes and stereotypes, there were minimum opportunities to move into higher paying jobs with a future or management training progammes.
Mortgages were virtually unavailable due to continued racism, low incomes, and the stereotypes about blacks being high credit risks. Your father had excelled at high school but because of the times could only obtain work in the construction industry and your mother was a domestic. Both industries provided inadequate to non-existent pensions. However, your parents worked hard, saved hard and held down two jobs. Through sheer effort and sacrifice they saved enough to buy a small piece of land in Pembroke, and through the help of friends and neighbours bit by bit built a home, but money was scarce and despite your graduating near the top of your class at high school, there was nothing to spare for further education.
Your parents would like to retire but cannot afford to do so. The government pension combined with the little private pension they have accumulated since 2000 is just insufficient to meet their needs. They only have HIP insurance because they cannot afford Major Medical insurance. A long term illness would be catastrophic for the whole family, financially. You live at home; you've been working full-time since you were 16 and now at 21 realize that you need to take evening classes at the Bermuda College if you want to move up into management.
You hope to be able to eventually save enough to complete your degree overseas or at the very least get a business degree by correspondence courses. This all depends on your parents' ability to keep working and maintain their health, as otherwise you would need to continue to work full time in order to help support them. With luck it will be five years before you graduate and you'll be 26, but then you still have to find a job and get experience in the field before you can start making some 'real' money.
Two life experiences just a few miles apart. Both families with similar values, beliefs and attitudes towards hard work, family and trying to get ahead, but with widely disparate outcomes with regard to education, employment, housing and health!
The PLP Government is committed to promoting opportunity for all Bermudians. We're addressing these social and historical concerns through initiatives such as the Big Conversation. We're also committed to improving education and creating job opportunities for all Bermudians.
These historical and social injustices will take time to heal. We all believe in moving toward equality. That's why we must not be complacent. We must learn from the past lest we be doomed to repeat it.
PLP Blog site http://www.plp.bm/blog
Lynne Winfield outlines two hypothetical experiences that reflect the stories of many white and black Bermudians. While everyone's stories are certainly unique, stories like these are all too common across our island. The White Experience:
You are a first generation Bermudian male, your father/mother having arrived in the late 1960s or 1970s as part of a large influx of whites from the U.K. responding to increasing opportunities in international business and the ongoing general Government policy of encouraging whites to settle in Bermuda. Your parents were working/middle class and they arrived with barely a penny in their pockets and a high school education. Unknowingly your parents jump to the top of the hiring pool, not understanding that at the time of their arrival segregation had only just ceased to exist, and that negative white attitudes/perceptions towards black Bermudians were still firmly entrenched.
Within seven years your parents achieve Bermudian status which opened doors and provided more advantages. They moved up in their organizations, perhaps achieving positions of power and influence. They worked hard, bought a home and sacrificed and saved to send you to private school and then you were the first one in your family to go to university. This was possible because your parents were able to get a loan against the equity in their house. With solid pensions built up over the years and their home fully paid for your parents are now retired. Their major medical is still covered due to an arrangement with their ex-employers to continue to keep them on the company's medical plan at the lower rate.
At 21 you have graduated and are now living in an apartment under your parent's house paying a low rent, while you save towards the down payment on your first house and the knowledge that your parents will more than likely help you secure your first mortgage in a couple of years. You have a terrific job in the international business sector. The sky's the limit.
This is a story of opportunity, and, that opportunity was created by a combination of individual initiative and historical and social circumstance. Now, let's examine a very different story - The Black Experience:
Compare this to the black Bermudian experience in the 1960s and 1970s with a similar high school education. By and large jobs in the service industry were open to them with the concomitant low pay. Due to continued racist attitudes and stereotypes, there were minimum opportunities to move into higher paying jobs with a future or management training progammes.
Mortgages were virtually unavailable due to continued racism, low incomes, and the stereotypes about blacks being high credit risks. Your father had excelled at high school but because of the times could only obtain work in the construction industry and your mother was a domestic. Both industries provided inadequate to non-existent pensions. However, your parents worked hard, saved hard and held down two jobs. Through sheer effort and sacrifice they saved enough to buy a small piece of land in Pembroke, and through the help of friends and neighbours bit by bit built a home, but money was scarce and despite your graduating near the top of your class at high school, there was nothing to spare for further education.
Your parents would like to retire but cannot afford to do so. The government pension combined with the little private pension they have accumulated since 2000 is just insufficient to meet their needs. They only have HIP insurance because they cannot afford Major Medical insurance. A long term illness would be catastrophic for the whole family, financially. You live at home; you've been working full-time since you were 16 and now at 21 realize that you need to take evening classes at the Bermuda College if you want to move up into management.
You hope to be able to eventually save enough to complete your degree overseas or at the very least get a business degree by correspondence courses. This all depends on your parents' ability to keep working and maintain their health, as otherwise you would need to continue to work full time in order to help support them. With luck it will be five years before you graduate and you'll be 26, but then you still have to find a job and get experience in the field before you can start making some 'real' money.
Two life experiences just a few miles apart. Both families with similar values, beliefs and attitudes towards hard work, family and trying to get ahead, but with widely disparate outcomes with regard to education, employment, housing and health!
The PLP Government is committed to promoting opportunity for all Bermudians. We're addressing these social and historical concerns through initiatives such as the Big Conversation. We're also committed to improving education and creating job opportunities for all Bermudians.
These historical and social injustices will take time to heal. We all believe in moving toward equality. That's why we must not be complacent. We must learn from the past lest we be doomed to repeat it.
PLP Blog site http://www.plp.bm/blog
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